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Objective To investigate the level change and the significance of serum homocysteine(Hcy),endothelial nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and soluble thrombomodulin(STM)in the patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods The values of serum Hcy,NOS and STM were detected in the 150 patients with ACI and the 50 healthy individuals and the detection results were performed the significance testing and the correlation analysis.Results Compared with the normal control group,the levels of ser-um Hcy,NOS and STM in the ACI patients were significantly increased with statistical differences(P <0.05).The increased level of NOS and HCY in the ACI patients was positively correlated with the increased Hcy level.Conclusion Hcy,NOS and STM are the markers of endothelial injury occurrence and their detection has certain significance for judging the disease condition and guiding treatment.
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BACKGROUND: Nitrosative and oxidative stress play a key role in obesity and diabetes-related mitochondrial dysfunction. The objective was to investigate the effect of curcumin treatment on state 3 and 4 oxygen consumption, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, ATPase activity and lipid oxidation in mitochondria isolated from liver and kidneys of diabetic db/db mice. RESULTS: Hyperglycaemia increased oxygen consumption and decreased NO synthesis in liver mitochondria isolated from diabetic mice relative to the control mice. In kidney mitochondria, hyperglycaemia increased state 3 oxygen consumption and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels in diabetic mice relative to control mice. Interestingly, treating db/db mice with curcumin improved or restored these parameters to normal levels; also curcumin increased liver mitochondrial ATPase activity in db/db mice relative to untreated db/db mice. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that hyperglycaemia modifies oxygen consumption rate, NO synthesis and increases TBARS levels in mitochondria from the liver and kidneys of diabetic mice, whereas curcumin may have a protective role against these alterations.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Curcumin/pharmacology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy , Kidney/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Mitochondria/drug effects , Oxygen Consumption/drug effects , Body Weight/drug effects , Mitochondria, Liver/drug effects , Mitochondria, Liver/enzymology , Adenosine Triphosphatases/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Cell Respiration/drug effects , Dietary Supplements , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Disease Models, Animal , Selective Breeding , Genotype , Hyperglycemia/diet therapy , Hyperglycemia/etiology , Mitochondria/enzymology , Nitric Oxide/analysis , Nitric Oxide/metabolismABSTRACT
Objective In this study,the effects of moderate treadmill exercise and estrogen replacement treatment on the production of liver nitric oxide(NO)and the expression of endothelial nitrie oxide synthase(eNOS)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in ovariectomized(OVX)rats were observed.Methods Female mature SD rats were randomly divided into six groups according to their body weight:sham group(group S),sham exercise group (group S+EX),group OVX,OVX+exercise group (group OVX+EX),OVX+estrogen group(group OVX+E_2),and OVX+exercise+E_2 group(group OVX+EX+E_2).The rats ran on the treadmill at a speed of 18m/min for 60min,5 times per week.50μg/kg of E_2 was given subcutaneously three times per week to groups OVX+E_2 and OVX+EX+E_2.After 14 weeks,NO production in the liver was determined by nitrate reductase method.Protein expression of eNOS and iNOS was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results The NO content of group S was significantly lower than that of group S+EX,but significantly higher than that of group OVX.The NO content of groups OVX+EX,E_2,and OVX+EX+E_2 were significantly higher than that of group OVX.The positive reaction of eNOS mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and endothelial cells of the hepatic sinusoids in all groups.The changing tendency after exercise or/and estrogen replacement was almost similar with that of the content of NO.The positive reaction of iNOS mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in groups S,S+EX,E_2,and OVX+EX+E_2,while it located in the nuclei in both groups OVX and OVX+EX.Conclusion Moderate exercise and estrogen supplementation both had the same effect of upregnlated synthesis of NO in liver of ovariectomized rats.
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Objective To observe endothelial cells secreting and expressing nitric oxide by using red laser irradiation ( RLI) on cultured endothelial cells. Methods Cultured endothelial cells were irradiated with a red laser for 10, 20, and 30 minutes, respectively, and the concentration of nitric oxide in the cell supernatant was measured after 15 min,30 min.1 h,3 h and 6 h. In addition, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and endotlielial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS) was measured through immunohistochemical staining. Results Compared with that in the control group, the expression of eNOS by the endothelial cells and the concentration of NO were stimulated by 2 mW RLI for 10 min, 20 min and 30 min, and reached a peak at 1 h, then declined gradually. The expression of iNOS, however, showed no significant difference. Conclusion RLI can increase NO concentrations in endothelial cells by stimulating the expression of eNOS rather than iNOS.